MIT 215 Indiana State University Productivity Software Essay Describe three personal productivity software packages you are likely to use the most. What pe

MIT 215 Indiana State University Productivity Software Essay Describe three personal productivity software packages you are likely to use the most. What personal productivity software packages would you select for your use?

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Your report should be in ONE page with maximum 350 – 400 words. Chapter 4
Software: Systems and
Application Software
Why Learn About Software?
• Software is indispensable for any
computer system and the people using the
system
• Applications software
– Key to helping you achieve your career goals
• Examples of using software: sales orders
and customer support; stock trading; and
scientific analysis
2
Software Expenditures Exceed
Spending on Hardware
3
An Overview of Software
• Computer programs: sequences of
instructions for the computer
• Documentation: text that describes
program functions to help the user operate
the computer system
• Types of software
– Systems software
– Application software
4
Systems Software
• The set of programs that coordinates the
activities and functions of hardware and
other programs
• Each type of systems software is designed
for a specific CPU and class of hardware
• Computer system platform: the
combination of a hardware configuration
and systems software
5
Application Software
• Helps users solve particular problems
• In most cases, resides on the computer’s
hard disk
• Can be stored on CDs, DVDs, or USB
flash drives
• An increasing amount of application is
available on the Web as a rich Internet
application (RIA)
6
Categories of Applications
Business
Genealogy
Personal information manager
Communications
Language
Photography
Computer-aided design
Legal
Science
Desktop publishing
Library
Simulation
Educational
Multimedia
Video games
Entertainment
Music
Video
7
Supporting Individual, Group, and
Organizational Goals
• Sphere of influence: the scope of problems
and opportunities addressed by a particular
organization
• Personal sphere of influence
– Serves the needs of an individual user
• Personal productivity software
– Enables users to improve their personal
effectiveness, increasing the amount of work and
quality of work they can do.
8
Supporting Individual, Group, and
Organizational Goals (cont’d.)
• Workgroup: two or more people working
together to achieve a common goal
• Workgroup sphere of influence
– Helps workgroup members attain their
common goals
• Enterprise sphere of influence
– Serves the needs of the firm in its interaction
with its environment
9
Table 4.1 Software Supporting
Individuals, Workgroups, and Enterprises
Software
Personal
Workgroup
Enterprise
Systems software
Smartphone, tablet
computer, personal
computer, and workstation
operating systems
Network operating
systems
Server and
mainframe
operating systems
Application software
Word processing,
spreadsheet, database,
and graphics
Electronic mail, group
scheduling, shared
work, and collaboration
General ledger,
order entry, payroll,
and human
resources
10
Systems Software: Functions and Types
• Controls the operations of computer
hardware
• Supports the application programs’
problem-solving capabilities
• Types of systems software
– Operating systems
– Utility programs
– Middleware
11
Operating Systems
• A set of programs that controls computer
hardware and acts as an interface with
application programs
12
Operating Systems: Combinations of OSs,
Computers, and Users
• Single computer with a single user
• Single computer with multiple
simultaneous users
• Multiple computers with multiple users
• Special-purpose computers
13
Role of Operating Systems
14
Operating System Activities
• Controlling common computer hardware
functions
• Providing a user interface and input/output
management
• Providing a degree of hardware
independence
• Managing system memory
• Managing processing tasks
15
Operating System Activities (cont’d.)
• Providing networking capability
• Controlling access to system resources
• Managing files
16
Operating Systems: Common Hardware
Functions
• Get input from keyboard or another input
device
• Retrieve data from disks
• Store data on disks
• Display information on a monitor or printer
17
Operating Systems: User Interface and
Input/Output Management
• A user interface: is the element of the operating system
that allows people to access and interact with the computer
system.
• A command-based user interface: user interface
that requires you to give text commands to the computer
to perform basic activities.
• A graphical user interface (GUI) an interface that
displays pictures (icons) and menus that people use to send
commands to the computer system.
18
Operating Systems: User Interface and
Input/Output Management (cont’d.)
• A natural user interface (NUI) or multitouch
interface
• Speech recognition
• Sight interfaces
• Brain interfaces
19
Operating Systems: Memory Management
• Allows the computer to execute program
instructions effectively and to speed
processing
• Virtual memory: hard disk space is
allocated to supplement the immediate,
functional memory capacity of RAM
– Paging
20
Operating Systems: Processing Tasks
• Five basic task management techniques
– Multiuser: allows two or more users to run
programs at the same time on one computer
– Multiprocessing: supports running a program
on more than one CPU
– Multitasking: allows more than one program to
run concurrently
– Multithreading
– Real time
21
Processing Tasks: Five Basic Task
Management Techniques (cont’d.)
• Multithreading: allows different threads of
a single program to run concurrently
– A thread is a set of instructions within an
application that s independent of other
threads
• Real time: responds to input instantly
22
Operating Systems: Networking Capability
• Allows computers in a network to send
and receive data and share computing
resources
23
Operating Systems: Access to System
Resources and Security
• Provides protection against unauthorized
access to the users’ data and programs
• Establishes a logon procedure
– May control access to specific system
resources
• Tracks who is using the system, length of
use, and attempted security breaches
24
Operating Systems: File Management
• Ensures that files in secondary storage are
available when needed
• Protects files from access by unauthorized
users
25
Current Operating Systems Classified by
Sphere of Influence
Personal
Workgroup
Enterprise
Microsoft Windows
Microsoft Windows Server
Microsoft Windows Server
Mac OS X, iOS
Mac OS X Server
Linux
Linux
Linux
UNIX
UNIX
IBM i and z/OS
IBM i and z/OS
HP-UX
HP-UX
Google Android, Chrome OS
HP webOS
26
Current Operating Systems
• Microsoft PC operating systems
– Windows XP
– Windows Vista
– Windows 7
– Windows 8
• Apple computer operating systems
– OS X 10.9 Mavericks
– Mac users can dual boot to run either
Windows or Mac OS X
27
Current Operating Systems: Linux
• Open-source operating system
• Three of the most widely used distributions
come from software companies:
– RedHat
– SUSE
– Canonical
• Ubuntu: a Linux-based operating system
used on desktops, laptops, and servers
28
Current Operating Systems: Google
• Chrome OS
– Linux-based operating system designed for
netbooks and nettops
– Designed to run on inexpensive low-power
computers
• Chromium OS: an open-source version of
Chrome OS
• Android: an operating system for mobile
devices
29
Workgroup Operating Systems (cont’d.)
• UNIX can be used on many computer
system types and platforms
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server can
manage a cluster of several servers
• Mac OS X Server includes
– Support for 64-bit processing
– Several server functions and features for easy
management of network and Internet services
30
Mobile Operating Systems
• Smartphones now employ full-fledged
personal computer operating systems
– Google Android
– Apple iOS
– Microsoft Windows Phone
31
Table 4.3 Comparison of Smartphone
Operating Systems
Smartphone Operating Worldwide Market
Share of Sales
System
during 2Q 2013
Estimated Total
Number of
Applications
Mid-2013
>1,000,000
Estimated Rate of
Increase in
Number of New
Applications
Google Android
56.5%
800/day
Apple iPhone OS
39.6%
900,000
600/day
Microsoft Windows
Mobile
3.3%
145,000
130/day
Blackberry Limited,
Blackberry
2.9%
120,000
NA
32
Utility Programs
• Utility program: a program that helps to
perform maintenance or correct problems
with a computer system
33
Common Types of Utility Programs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hardware utilities
Security utilities
File-compression utilities
Spam-filtering utilities
Network and Internet utilities
Server and mainframe utilities
Other utilities: mobile device management
(MDM), defraggers, system cleaners, etc.
34
Overview of Application Software: ASP
and SaaS
• Application service provider (ASP)
– A company that can provide software,
support, and computer hardware on which to
run the software from the user’s facilities over
a network
• Software as a service (SaaS)
– Businesses subscribe to Web-delivered
business application software
35
Table 4.7 Examples of Personal
Application Software
Type of Software
Explanation
Example
Word processing
Create, edit, and print text documents
Spreadsheet
Provide a wide range of built-in functions
for statistical, financial, logical, database,
graphics, and date and time calculations
Database
Store, manipulate, and retrieve data
Graphics
Develop graphs, illustrations, and drawings
Microsoft Word
Google Docs
Apple Pages
OpenOffice Writer
Microsoft Excel
IBM Lotus 1-2-3
Google Spreadsheet
Apple Numbers
OpenOffice Calc
Microsoft Access
IBM Lotus Approach
Borland dBASE
Google Base
OpenOffice Base
Adobe Illustrator
Adobe FreeHand
Microsoft PowerPoint
OpenOffice Impress
36
Table 4.7 Examples of Personal
Application Software (cont’d.)
Type of Software
Explanation
Example
Project management
Plan, schedule, allocate, and control
people and resources (money, time, and
technology) needed to complete a
project according to schedule
Microsoft Project
Symantec On Target
Scitor Project Scheduler
Symantec Time Line
Financial management
Provide income and expense tracking and
reporting to monitor and plan budgets
(some programs have investment portfolio
management features)
Intuit Quicken
Desktop publishing (DTP)
Use with personal computers and highresolution printers to create high-quality
printed output, including text and graphics;
various styles of pages can be laid out; art and
text files from other programs can also be
integrated into published pages
QuarkXpress
Microsoft Publisher
Adobe InDesign
Corel Ventura
Publisher
Apple Pages
37
Software Suites and Integrated Software
Packages
• A collection of single programs packaged
together in a bundle
• Suites can include: word processor,
spreadsheet, database management,
graphics, communications tools, and
organizers
• Programs are designed to work similarly
• Bundled suite is cost effective
38
Table 4.8 Major Components of Leading
Software Suites
Personal
Productivity
Function
Microsoft
Office
IBM
Lotus
Symphony
Corel
WordPerfect
Office
Apache
OpenOffice
Apple
iWork
Google
Apps
Word processing
Word
Documents
WordPerfect
Writer
Pages
Docs
Spreadsheet
Excel
Spreadsheets
Quattro Pro
Calc
Numbers
Sheets
Presentation
graphics
PowerPoint
Presentations
Presentations
Impress
and Draw
Keynote
Slides
Database
Access
Approach
Base
39
Web-Based Productivity Software Suites
• Google, Zoho, and Thinkfree offer free
online word processors, spreadsheets,
presentations, and other software
• Microsoft Office 365 offers basic software
suite features over the Internet using cloud
computing
40
Mobile Application Software
• Number of apps has exploded
– Hundreds of thousands of applications have
been developed by third parties
– Thousands of applications are available for
iPhones from the Apple App Store
– Over one million apps are available in the
Android market
– Microsoft and other software companies are
investing in mobile app software
41
Enterprise Application Software
• Software that benefits an entire
organization
• Helps managers and workers stay
connected
• Cost, installation and ability to integrate
with other software are major
considerations in selecting this software
– Usability on smartphones and mobile devices
is also an important factor
42
Software for Information, Decision
Support, and Competitive Advantage
• Available in every industry
• Examples:
– Blackboard and other learning management
software
– Software to visualize and analyze the human
genome
– Software to help pick the next hit song
– Natural resource planning
43

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