ECO100 Strayer University The oil and natural gas industry report Assignment 2: Final Report This assignment is aligned to this course outcome: Apply mac

ECO100 Strayer University The oil and natural gas industry report Assignment 2: Final Report

This assignment is aligned to this course outcome:

Apply macroeconomic concepts to current and personal economic events and decisions.

In addition to writing about macroeconomic concepts, it’s equally important to be able to convey your understanding of these concepts by communicating them to others. In the workplace you might do this by writing briefs (like you did for Assignment 1), creating presentations, or writing reports for your manager or team. An example final report and optional template are provided below.

For this Final Report assignment, you can build off your previous economic brief and selected industry from Assignment 1, or you can select another industry such as Finance and Insurance, Health Care, or Manufacturing, and examine one of the macroeconomic indicators or policies below:

GDP growth
Unemployment rates
Inflation rates
Interest rates
Imports and exports
Government fiscal policy and issues related to taxation, government spending, and budget deficits
FED (central bank) monetary policy and issues related to the FED’s mission to stabilize the economy

Example Final Report, Assignment 2 Template, Strayer Writing Standards

Review an example final report.
Use the optional template to help you get started.
Review the Strayer Writing Standards. (See Instructions below.)

Instructions

Use Microsoft Word to prepare a Final Report that is a minimum of two to three (2-3) pages long in which you:

1. Introduce your selected industry with a brief one-paragraph introduction. Refer to the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) to review the details about your industry.

https://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/sssd/naics/naicsrch…

2. Assess your selected industry’s relative size and growth rate in the economy.

These macroeconomic resources will help you find the size and growth rate of your industry in the U.S. economy and/or relative to GDP:

• Real GDP – Select Section 1, then table 1.1.6 (select MODIFY to change the year range and frequency). Data is from Bureau of Economic Analysis (bea.gov).

https://apps.bea.gov/iTable/iTable.cfm?isuri=1&req…

• % Change in Real GDP – Select Section 1, then table 1.1.1 (select MODIFY to change the year range and frequency). Data is from Bureau of Economic Analysis (bea.gov).

• GDP by Industry – Steps:

1. Select “Interactive Data.”
2. Select “Industry Data Tables.”
3. Select “Begin Using the Data.”
4. Select “Gross Output by Industry.”
5. Select “Real Gross Output by Industry (A) (Q).”
6. Select “Quarterly” or “Annual.”
7. Select “Next Step.” Data is from Bureau of Economic Analysis (bea.gov).

• % Change in GDP by Industry – Steps:

1. Select “Interactive Data.”
2. Select “Industry Data Tables.”
3. Select “Begin Using the Data.”
4. Select “Gross Output by Industry.”
5. Select “Percent Changes in Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Output by Industry (A) (Q).”
6. Select “Quarterly” or “Annual.”
7. Select “Next Step.” Data is from Bureau of Economic Analysis (bea.gov).

3. Identify one newsworthy macroeconomic indicator or policy (e.g., GDP, unemployment, inflation rates, interest rates, government taxation and spending decisions, and/or FED decisions) that the industry should monitor and explain why it’s important and how it might impact your selected industry.

These resources are available to help you measure and track macroeconomic indicators and outcomes of macroeconomic policies.You’ll use one or more depending on the macroeconomic indicator selected.

• Unemployment rates – Data is from Bureau of Labor Statistics (bls.gov).

• Inflation rates as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). Data is from Bureau of Labor Statistics (bls.gov).

• % Change in Real Exports and Imports – Select Section 4, then table 4.2.1. (Select MODIFY to change the year range and frequency.) Data is from Bureau of Economic Analysis (bea.gov).

• Government receipts, expenditures, and savings – Select Section 3, then table 3.1 for total government and table for 3.2 for federal government. (Select MODIFY to change the year range and frequency.) Data is from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (bea.gov).

• FED Funds Interest Rates. Data is from Trading Economics (tradingeconomics.com). https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/interes…

4. Describe a recent trend in the macroeconomic indicator or policy. Include a graph, chart, or table that illustrates the observed trend.

5. Summarize how you think this industry will perform in the future. Provide support for your rationale.

6. This course requires use of Strayer Writing Standards (SWS). The format is different compared to other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details. (Note: You’ll be prompted to enter your Blackboard login credentials to view these standards.)

Your brief should include a cover page.
Your brief should be a minimum of two to three (2-3) pages in length (not including the cover page), double-spaced, 12-point font.
Your report should include a minimum of two (2) references/citations in the text. Strayer University Writing Standards
Fall 2018
Communicating professionally and ethically is one of the
essential skills we can teach you at Strayer. The following
guidelines will ensure you:
· write professionally;
· avoid plagiarizing others, which is essential to writing ethically; and
· give credit to others in your work.
Visit Strayer’s Academic Integrity Center for more information.
Strayer University Writing Standards
1
Table of Contents
General Standards
3
Use Appropriate Formatting
3
Title Your Work
3
Write Clearly
3
Cite Credible Sources
3
Build a Source List
3
Giving Credit to Authors and Sources
4
Option #1: Paraphrasing
4
Option #2: Quoting
4
Using Web Sources
5
Using Home Pages
5
Using Specific Web Pages
5
Source List
6
Setting Up the Source List Page
6
Creating a Source List Entry
6
Source List Elements
7
Source List Elements Breakdown
7
Sample Source List
8
Writing Assignments
9
Paper and Essay Specific Format Guidelines
9
PowerPoint or Slideshow Specific Format Guidelines
9
Discussion Posts
10
Effective Internet Links
10
Share vs. URL Options
11
Charts, Images, and Tables
Strayer University Writing Standards
12
2
General Standards
Use Appropriate
Formatting
Include page numbers.
Use 1-inch margins.
Use Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, or Calibri font style.
Use 10-, 11-, or 12-point font size for the body of your text.
Use numerals (1, 2, 3, and so on) OR spell out numbers (one, two, three, and so
on). Be consistent with your choice throughout the assignment.
Use either single or double spacing, according to assignment guidelines.
Title Your Work
If assignment requires a title page:
·· Include the assignment title, your name, course title, your professor’s name,
and the date of submission on a separate page.
If assignment does not require a title page (stated in the assignment details):
·· Include all required content in a header at the top of your document.
·· or Include all required content where appropriate for assignment format.
· Examples of appropriate places per assignment: letterhead of a business
letter assignment or a title slide for a PowerPoint presentation
Write Clearly
Use appropriate language and be concise.
Write in active voice when possible. Find tips here.
Use the point of view (first, second, or third person) required by the
assignment guidelines.
Use spelling and grammar check and proofread to help ensure your work is
error free.
Cite Credible Sources
Use credible sources to support your ideas/work. Find tips here.
Cite your sources throughout your work when you borrow someone else’s
words or ideas. Give credit to the authors.
Look for a permalink tool for a webpage when possible (especially when an
electronic source requires logging in like the Strayer Library). Find tips here.
Add each cited source to the Source List at the end of your assignment. (See
the Giving Credit to Authors and Sources section for more details.)
Don’t forget to cite and add your textbook to the Source List if you use it as a
source.
Build a Source List
Include a Source List when the assignment requires research or if you cite the
textbook.
Type “Sources” centered on the first line of the page.
List the sources that you used in your assignment.
Organize sources in a numbered list and in order of use throughout the paper.
Use the original number when citing a source multiple times.
For more information, see the Source List section.
Strayer University Writing Standards
3
Giving Credit to Authors and Sources
When quoting or paraphrasing another source, give credit by using an in-text citation.
An in-text citation includes the author’s last name and the number of the source from the
Source List. A well-researched assignment has at least as many sources as pages (see Writing
Assignments for the required number of sources). Find tips here.
Option #1: Paraphrasing
Rewording Source Information in Your Own Words
Rephrase the source information in your words. Be sure
not to repeat the same words of the author.
Add a number to the end of your source (which will tie
to your Source List).
Remember, you cannot just replace words of the original
sentence.
?
Examples
ORIGINAL SOURCE
“Writing at a college level requires informed
research.”
PARAPHRASING
As Harvey wrote, when writing a paper for
higher education, it is critical to research and
cite sources (1).
When writing a paper for higher education,
it is imperative to research and cite sources
(Harvey, 1).
Option #2: Quoting
Citing another person’s work word-for-word
Place quotation marks at the beginning and the end of
the quoted information.
Add a number to the end of your source (which will tie
to your Source List).
Do not quote more than one to two sentences
(approximately 25 words) at a time.
Do not start a sentence with a quotation.
Introduce and explain quotes within the context of your
paper.
Strayer University Writing Standards
?
Examples
ORIGINAL SOURCE
“Writing at a college level requires informed
research.”
QUOTING
Harvey wrote in his book, “Writing at a college
level requires informed research” (1).
Many authors agree, “Writing at a college
level requires informed research” (Harvey, 1).
4
Using Web Sources
A web source is any source accessed through an internet browser.
Before using any source, first determine its credibility. Then decide if the source is appropriate and relevant for your
project. Find tips here.
Using Home Pages
A home page is the main page that loads when you type a standard web address. For instance, if you type Google.com
into the web browser, you will be taken to Google’s home page.
If you do need to cite a home page, use the webpage’s title from the browser. This is found by moving your mouse cursor
over the webpage name at the top of the browser. When citing a homepage, it is likely because there is a news thread,
image, or basic piece of information about a company that you wish to include in your assignment.
Using Specific Web Pages
If you are using any web page other than the home page, include the specific title of the page and the direct link (when
possible) for that specific page in your Source List Entry.
If you used multiple pages from the same author/source, create separate Source List Entries for each page when possible
(if the title and/or web address is different).
Strayer University Writing Standards
5
Source List
The Source List (which includes the sources that you used in your assignment) is a new page
that should be added at the end of your paper. The list has two purposes; it credits the
authors you used and informs your readers how to find the source. Build your Source List as
you write.
Setting Up the
Source List Page
Type “Sources” at the top of a new page.
Include a numbered list of the sources you used in your paper (the numbers
indicate the order in which you used them).
1. Use the number one (1) for the first source used in the paper, the number
two (2) for the second source, and so on.
2. Use the same number for a source if you use it multiple times.
Creating a Source
List Entry
Ensure each source includes five parts: author or organization, publication
date, title, page number (if needed), and how to find it. If you have trouble
finding these details, then re-evaluate the credibility of your source.
Use the browser link for a public webpage.
Use a permalink for a webpage when possible. Find tips here.
Instruct your readers how to find all sources that do not have a browser link or
a permalink.
Separate each Source List Element with a period on your Source List.
Strayer University Writing Standards
6
Source List Elements
AUTHOR
PUBLICATION DATE
TITLE
PAGE NUMBER
HOW TO FIND
Michael Harvey
2013
p. 1
In the case of
multiple authors,
only list the first.
This is not the same as
copyright date, which
is denoted by ©
The Nuts &
Bolts of College
Writing
http://libdatab.strayer.edu/
login?url=http://search.ebscohost.
com/login.aspx?direct=true&db
=nlebk&AN=590706&site=edslive&scope=site
?
?
Example
Include p. and the
page(s) used.
How it Will Look in Your Source List
1. Michael Harvey. 2013. The Nuts & Bolts of College Writing. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.
ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=590706&site=eds-live&scope=site
Source List Elements Breakdown
AUTHOR
The person(s) who published the source. This can be a single person, a group of people, or an organization. If the source
has no author, use “No author” where you would list the author.
PUBLICATION DATE
The date the source was published. If the source has no publication date, use “No date” where you would list the date.
TITLE
The title of the source. If the source has no title, use “No title” where you would list the title.
PAGE NUMBER
The page number(s) used. If the source has no page numbers, omit this section from your Source List Entry.
HOW TO FIND
Instruct readers how to find all sources. Keep explanations simple and concise, but provide enough information so the
source can be located. NOTE: It is your responsibility to make sure the source can be found.
Strayer University Writing Standards
7
?
Sample Source List
1.
Michael Harvey. 2013. The Nuts & Bolts of College Writing. p.1. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.
ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=590706&site=eds-live&scope=site
2.
William R. Stanek. 2010. Storyboarding Techniques chapter in Effective Writing for Business, College and Life. http://
libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=359141&site=e
ds-live&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_23
3.
Zyad Hicham. 2017. Vocabulary Growth in College-Level Students’ Narrative Writing. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/
login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsdoj&AN=edsdoj.9b7fad40e529462bafe3a936
aaf81420&site=eds-live&scope=site
4.
Anya Kamenetz. July 10, 2015. The Writing Assignment That Changes Lives. https://www.npr.org/sections/
ed/2015/07/10/419202925/the-writing-assignment-that-changes-lives
5.
Brad Thor. June 14, 2016. The Best Writing Advice I Ever Got. http://time.com/4363050/brad-thor-best-writing-advice/
6.
Karen Hertzberg. June 15, 2017. How to Improve Writing Skills in 15 Easy Steps. https://www.grammarly.com/blog/
how-to-improve-writing-skills/
7.
Roy Peter Clark. 2008. Writing Tools: 55 Essential Strategies for Every Writer. p.55-67. Book on Amazon.com.
8.
C.M. Gill. 2014. The Psychology of Grading and Scoring chapter in Essential Writing Skills for College & Beyond.
Textbook.
9.
ABC Company’s Policy & Procedures Committee. No Date. Employee Dress and Attendance Policy. Policy in my office.
10. Henry M. Sayre. 2014. The Humanities: Culture, Continuity and Change, Vol. 1. This is the HUM111 textbook.
11. Savannah Student. 2018. Image. http://www.studentsite.com
12. Don Dollarsign. 2018. Chart. http://www.allaboutthemoney.com
13. Company Newsletter Name. 2018. Table. Company Newsletter Printed Copy (provided upon request).
Strayer University Writing Standards
8
Writing Assignments
Strayer University uses several different types of writing assignments. The Strayer University
Student Writing Standards are designed to allow flexibility in formatting your assignment and
crediting your sources. This section covers specific areas to help you properly format and
develop your assignments. NOTE: The specific format guidelines override guidelines in the
General Standards section.
Paper and Essay Specific
Format Guidelines
Use double spacing throughout the body of your assignment.
Use a consistent 12-point font throughout your assignment submission. (For
acceptable fonts, see General Standards section.)
Use the point of view (first or third person) required by the assignment
guidelines.
Section headings can be used to divide different content areas. Align section
headings (centered) on the page, be consistent, and include at least two
section headings in the assignment.
Follow all other General Standards section guidelines.
PowerPoint or Slideshow
Specific Format
Guidelines
Title slides should include the project name (title your work to capture
attention if possible), a subtitle (if needed), the course title, and your name.
Use spacing that improves professional style (mixing single and double
spacing as needed).
Use a background color or image on slides.
Use Calibri, Lucida Console, Helvetica, Futura, Myriad Pro, or Gill Sans font
styles.
Use 28-32 point font size for the body of your slides (based on your chosen
font style). Avoid font sizes smaller than 24-point.
Use 36-44 point font size for the titles of your slides (based on chosen font
style).
Limit content per slide (no more than 7 lines on any slide and no more than 7
words per line).
Include slide numbers when your slide show has 3+ slides. Place the numbers
wherever you like (but be consistent).
Include appropriate images that connect directly to slide content or
presentation content.
Follow additional guidelines from the PowerPoint or Slideshow Specific
Format Guidelines section and assignment guidelines.
Strayer University Writing Standards
9
Discussion Posts
When quoting or paraphrasing a source for discussion threads, include the source number in
parenthesis after the body text where you quote or paraphrase. At the end of your post, include
a list of any sources that you cited. For more information on building a Source List Entry, see
Source List section.
?
Sample Post
The work is the important part of any writing assignment. According to Smith, “writing things down is the biggest
challenge” (1). This is significant because…
SOURCE
1. William Smith. 2018. “The Way Things Are”. http://www.samplesite.com/writing
If you pulled information from more than one source, continue to number the additional sources in the order that they appear
in your post.
?
Sample Post
The work is the important part of any writing assignment. According to Smith, “writing things down is the biggest
challenge” (1). This is significant because…
The other side of this is also important. It is noted that “actually writing isn’t important as much as putting ideas
somewhere useful” (2).
SOURCE
1. William Smith. 2018. The Way Things Are. http://www.samplesite.com/writing
2. Patricia Smith. 2018. The Way Things Really Are. http://www.betterthansample.com/tiger
Effective Internet Links
When sharing a link to an article with your instructor and classmates, start with a brief summary and why you chose to share it.
For example:
?
Poor Example
Hey check out this article: http://www.Jobs4You.FED/Jobs_u_can_get
?
Better Example
After reading the textbook this week, I researched job sites. I found an article on how to find the best job site depending
on the job you’re looking for. The author shared some interesting tools such as job sites that collect job postings from
other sites and ranks them from newest to oldest, depending on category. Check out the article at this link: http://www.
Jobs4You.FED/Jobs_u_can_get
Be sure to check the link you’re posting to be sure it will work for your classmates. They should be able to simply click on
the link and go directly to your shared site.
Strayer University Writing Standards
10
Share vs. URL Options
Cutting and pasting the URL (web address) from your browser may not allow others to view your source. This makes it hard
for people to connect to the content you used.
To avoid this problem, look for a “share” option and choose that when possible so your classmates and professor get the
full, direct link. Always test your link(s) before submitting to make sure they work.
If you cannot properly share the link, include the article as an attachment. Interested classmates and your professor can
reference the article shared as an attachment. Find tips here.
Strayer University Writing Standards
11
Charts, Images, and Tables
Charts, images, and tables should be centered and followed by an in-text citation. Design
your page and place a citation below the chart, image, or table. When referring to the chart,
image, or table in the body of the assignment, use the citation.
On your Source List, provide the
following details of the visual:
Author’s name (if created by you, provide your name)
Date (if created by you, provide the year)
Type (Chart, Image, or Table)
How to find it (link or other information – See Source List section for
additional details).
Strayer University Writing Standards
12
Assignment 2: Final Report
Example Paper
Strayer University
ECO100
Dr. Jean Fonkoua
September 8, 2018
1
Final Report: Airline Industry
Introduction
The US airline industry is on a winning streak following seventeen consecutive
productive quarters. Even with its most significant operational costs, labor, and fuel spikes,
persistent demand on increasing capacity, the airline industry remains in the black. This paper
will focus on critical areas such as the assessment of favorable growth rates up through 2036,
government taxation and its impact and trends on the airline industries. All signs point to
growing demand for global connectivity. Alexandre de Juniac, Director General, and CEO of
the International Air Transport Association (IATA) said, “The world needs to prepare for a
doubling of passengers in the next 20 years. It is also a huge challenge for governments and
industry to ensure we can successfully meet this essential demand” (1).
Size and Growth Rate Assessment
The IATA, in its latest press release, updates that the airline industry is expected to see
roughly 7.8 billion air travelers in 2036, almost double the 4 billion air passengers anticipated to
fly this year. This latest update comes from the most recent release of the IATA’s 20-Year Air
Passenger Forecast, base prediction on a 3.6% average Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
(2). Global air travel is expected to sustain favorable growth rates up to 2030, notwithstanding
hurdles faced within the industry. High jet fuel prices and slow economic growth worldwide
caused strains within the industry. Although challenging, improvements in passenger totals
offset tense economic circumstances which quickly translate into an increased financial
performance of the airline industry. Strong representation in passenger patronage supports an
impressive GDP growth of 3.5% (the strongest since 2010). Subsequently, the global aviation
2
industry is predicted to reach up to 33.8 billion US dollars in profits by the close of 2018, up
from barely 8.3 billion in 2011. Annual growth report shows that between “2017 and 2036, the
number of airline passengers is expected to increase at a combined annual growth rate (CAGR)
of 4.7 percent” (2).
Key Indicator to Monitor (Inflation) and Importance and Impact to the Airline Industry
In the airline industry, important macroeconomic indicators are unemployment, inflation,
and the business cycle. An important indicator, inflation, influences both the business cycle and
unemployment rates, and so it must be monitored closely by the airline industry. For example,
the airline industry earnings are reduced at a startling pace due to inflation. Decreased profits
affect the economic position of the airline industry, which in turn produces a weak employment
environment. Moreover, there is an interchangeable correlation between inflation rates and the
rate of unemployment. This relationship includes trade-offs whereas a given high rate of
inflation lowers the rate of unemployment to reduce inflation, price regarding a higher
percentage of unemployment must be borne (3).
Inflation increases the price of goods and services and decreases the purchasing power of
customers. Also, increases to products and services generate higher fuel costs resulting in steep
ticket prices and sometimes canceled routes…
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