ANTH 141L Diablo Valley College Lab questions – Fossil own wards. easy answer. I do have other pictures for the homework. I will give it late. Paleontologi

ANTH 141L Diablo Valley College Lab questions – Fossil own wards. easy answer. I do have other pictures for the homework. I will give it late. Paleontologists study evolution by examining the fossil record. While it is impossibly fragmented, these fossils give us a window into the past that no
other field of evolutionary biology can offer.
What are the five lines of inquiry explained by the fossil record that we discussed in class (i.e. what does the fossil record tell us)?
.
What is biostratigraphy and how does it work? (include index fossils and stratigraphy)
How does the fossil record shed light on animal behavior? Give examples.
dation 1: The Right Rocks. Finding fossils requires a basic knowledge of geology.
a) Sort the igneous from the sedimentary rocks. How many of each are there? How can you tell the difference?
While identifying sedimentary rocks is useful in finding fossils, not all sedimentary rocks are created equally. They mostly form in aquatic environments due to
sediment carried in the waters current. Fast currents are violent and destructive, while slow currents gently carry fine particles that may bury once living organisms.
Thus, paleontologists look for evidence of current velocity before excavating certain deposits. In short,
the stronger the currents carry heavier sediments. As the
energy decreases, heavier particles are deposited and lighter fragments continue to be transported.
a.
Sort the sedimentary rocks from large inclusions to small.
b. Use the provided graph to determine the river velocity in which each rock was formed.
Relationship of Transported
Particle size to Water Velocity
100.0
Boulders
25.6
Cobbles
– 6.4.
List the velocity in which each rock formed.
a)
b)
c)
10.0
1.0
Pobblos
..0.2
Which of these rocks are most likely to bear fossils?
0.1
PARTICLE DIAMETER (cm)
Sand
0.01
0.006
Make assumptions about the environment in which they formed:
Silt
0.001
0.0004-
Clay
0.0001 ??? ???
0.01
0.06
.
? ?
STAEAM VELOCITY (CM/s)
This generalized graph shows the water velocity
needed to maintain, but not slart, movement. Variatons
occur due to dForences in partida density and shape.
cion 2: Biostratigraphy: Review the information below this table. Some fossils have known date ranges. We use these as Index Fossils to aid in interpreting
geologic sequences as well as the fossil record. Read and answer all of the questions (Continues on next page). Be sure to fill in the table.
Fossils
Biostratigraphy Table
Time
Cambrian
Ordovician
Silurian
Devonian
Carboniferous Permian
Mesozoic
Lichida
Trilobite
Barnacle
Orthoceras
Calymenia
Trilobite
Starfish
Spirifir
Brachiopods
Sand Dollar
Amber
1) Displayed on the table are three petrified fossils and one pseudofossil (Amber) with known dates ranges or dates of potential origin. Use the
following information to shade-in the periods in which each organism lived on the provided table.
Lichida Trilobite:
Middle Cambrian-Middle Devonian
Orthoceras:
Middle Ordovician-Late Permian
Calymenia Trilobite: Early Ordovician-Late Devonian
Amber:
Carboniferous-Present
2) The fossil Barnacles were found in one layer bearing Lichida Fossils and another with Amber and Sand Dollars.
a. -Fill in the minimal range for Barnacles
b. What assumptions can you make about the emergence of Sand Dollars?
3) The Starfish specimen was found in a layer with both Trilobite forms. While no other fossils were found in this deposit, the sediment layer just
above revealed evidence of early Orthoceras.
a. -Shade in the known period for this Starfish specimen
b. What do the two layers tell us about the age of this deposit?
4) The Spirifir Brachiopods were found in deposits with Orthoceras fossils and small pieces of Amber. This same form, however, is also known in
deposits bearing Calymenia and Orthoceras fossils.
a. Shade in the known ages for these brachiopods
5) Draw each of the trilobite specimens. Use enough detail to differentiate the two species.

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