PHYS 110 Diablo Valley College Demo States of Matter Exercises Discussion 1. What atom did you chose? Step 2 – Select a starting state, observe the atoms

PHYS 110 Diablo Valley College Demo States of Matter Exercises Discussion 1. What atom did you chose?

Step 2 – Select a starting state, observe the atoms in the simulation for a minimum of 10 seconds. Below, write a sentence or two about what you observed for each state.

2. Solid

3. Liquid

4. Gas

PHYS 110 – 1077 Demo – States of matter 4/9/2020

Step 3 – Click solid for your state. Absolute zero occurs at -273°C. The simulation will not go lower than -271°C. Reduce the temperature to -271°C.

5. What do you notice about the motion of the atoms at -271°C compared to when you click solid?

Step 4 – Click gas for your state. Increase the temperature by a minimum of 100°C. The simulation does not seem to have a maximum temperature.

What is your new temperature?
What do you notice about the motion of the atoms at your new temperature compared to when you clicked gas?

Step 5- Choose a phase change (solid to liquid, or liquid to gas). Increase or decrease the temperature from the starting temperature to the value in the table above.

What phase change are you looking at? What state did you start in?
What do you notice about the atom motion? Is it more similar to the starting state or the new one? Include a screen shot of your system.
Allow the simulation to run for 1 minute, do you notice a change in motion? If so, what changed?

Step 6 – Increase or decrease the temperature by 1°C, in the direction you already began moving in Step 3.

11. What do you notice about the motion now? What has changed? What has stayed the same? Again, include a screenshot of your system. PHYS 110 – 1077
Demo – States of matter
4/9/2020
The states of matter can change from one to another. In this demonstration, we will look at a
more atomic based visualization on these changes. The term phase change describes the change
of the state of matter.
The temperatures of interest for the 3 main phases are typically referred to as the melting point,
freezing point, boiling point, and condensation point. They are referred to as points, because it is
a temperature where both states of matter can occur at the same time. The table below provides
the term and the corresponding phase change.
Term
Phase change
Fusion/Melting
Solid to liquid
Freezing
Liquid to solid
Vaporization/Boiling
Liquid to gas
Condensation
Gas to liquid
Sublimation
Solid to gas
Deposition
Gas to solid
The program we are using for today’s demonstration is PhET. A series of simulations designed
by the University of Colorado Boulder.
We will be looking at the “States of Matter” example. Below is what you should see.
PHYS 110 – 1077
Demo – States of matter
4/9/2020
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Link for demonstration: http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/states-of-matter/latest/states-ofmatter_en.html
Approximate temperatures of when each atom/molecule changes state.
Atom and
Molecule
Neon
-249
-246
Argon
-189
-186
Oxygen
-219
-193
Water
0
100
https://ptable.com/
Step 1 – Pick one of the atoms above (not water, that is a molecule and it makes things more
complicated).
PHYS 110 – 1077
Demo – States of matter
4/9/2020
1. What atom did you chose?
Step 2 – Select a starting state, observe the atoms in the simulation for a minimum of 10 seconds.
Below, write a sentence or two about what you observed for each state.
2. Solid
3. Liquid
4. Gas
PHYS 110 – 1077
Demo – States of matter
4/9/2020
Step 3 – Click solid for your state. Absolute zero occurs at -273°C. The simulation will not go
lower than -271°C. Reduce the temperature to -271°C.
5. What do you notice about the motion of the atoms at -271°C compared to when you click
solid?
Step 4 – Click gas for your state. Increase the temperature by a minimum of 100°C. The
simulation does not seem to have a maximum temperature.
6. What is your new temperature?
7. What do you notice about the motion of the atoms at your new temperature compared to
when you clicked gas?
Step 5- Choose a phase change (solid to liquid, or liquid to gas). Increase or decrease the
temperature from the starting temperature to the value in the table above.
8. What phase change are you looking at? What state did you start in?
9. What do you notice about the atom motion? Is it more similar to the starting state or the
new one? Include a screen shot of your system.
10. Allow the simulation to run for 1 minute, do you notice a change in motion? If so, what
changed?
Step 6 – Increase or decrease the temperature by 1°C, in the direction you already began moving
in Step 3.
11. What do you notice about the motion now? What has changed? What has stayed the
same? Again, include a screenshot of your system.
PHYS 110 – 1077
Demo – States of matter
4/9/2020

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