CRIMINOLOGY 220 – RANGE OF POTENTIAL METHODS TO CHOOSE FROM FOR TERM RESEARCH PROPOSAL
| QUANTITATIVE | ||
| 1. Survey Methods | a. Structured interviews | – An interview in which all respondents are asked exactly the same questions in the same order with the aid of a formal interview schedule (phone survey). |
| b. Questionnaires | – A collection of written questions or response items that the respondent completes without the aid of an interviewer.
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– Questionnaires might be delivered by hand or by mail. |
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| 2. Structured Observation | – Observation project in which researchers follow explicitly formulated rules regarding not only what they should look for, but when and where and how they should record what they’ve observed. | |
| QUALITATIVE | ||
| 1. Naturalistic Observation | – Research in which fieldworkers are immersed in a social setting but retain their position as a complete researcher.
– Interaction with “participants” is kept to a minimum, in fact, in most cases the participants are unaware of research being conducted. |
|
| 2. Interviews | a. Unstructured/ Semi-Structured Interviewing
b. In-depth or not c. Face-to-face interviews/focus groups |
– An interview in which the researcher :
i. has some prepared questions and a number of prompts to maintain “control” of situation but goal is to allow respondents to provide their perspective. (semi-structured) ii. Has prompts to ensure conversation remain on task but allows conversation to flow freely. (unstructured) – Tendency to be open-ended. – Could involve a single or small number of indepth interviews to acquire a lot of detail or be brief and focus on gaining information from a larger group of participants. – Could involve face-to –face interviews (one participant at a time) or focus groups ( involve interviewing a number of participants at one time in a single location) |
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