UTM Map Coordination: Topographic and Demographic I have to answer the questions on the page: it uses UTM and GPS coordinates, as well as explanations of h

UTM Map Coordination: Topographic and Demographic I have to answer the questions on the page: it uses UTM and GPS coordinates, as well as explanations of how I got the answers. I have attached the worksheet, the map, and my professor’s notes. 3/8/2015
Topographic Maps and Data
Topographic Maps
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Purpose
Content
Source
Scales
Requirements
U.S. Topographic Maps
U.S. Topographic Data
Topographic Maps
how fast can we go from A to B in military
• Purpose
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military operations
local and regional administration
natural resource management
[geo]sciences
tourism
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Topographic Maps
• Content
On ground founded
support movement — Roads
– major visible features (in balanced representation)
• hydrographic features
• relief – elevation
elevation effect the movement
– big differences b/w various maps
• habitations and buildings
• communications
viewshed the area that coulbe be view
– roads, railroads, radio towers, …
• boundaries
– visible and invisible
commucation include transportation
• names
• vegetation
– big differences b/w various maps
Topographic Maps
• Content
Topographic Maps
• Source
Comes from all countries
secrecy very important
– state monopoly in virtually all countries
• detailed topographic mapping of own country: defensive advantage
? secrecy
• detailed topographic mapping of other country: offensive advantage
? espionage
• secrecy largely
l
l obsolete
b l t d
due tto hi
high-altitude
h ltit d aerial/satellite
i l/ t llit mapping
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? increased ease of availability, incl. interactive, Web formats
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scales varies due to different purpusose
Topographic Maps
• Scales
map serise that publish in all countries
– approx. 1:10,000 – 1:1,000,000
– often published as topographic map series
develop countries use base scale
• e.g. 10,000 – 25,000 – 50,000 -100,000 – 250,000 – 1,000,000
– 1:25,000: possible to show all significant landscape features
? base scale in many developed countries
less develop countries use finest scale
– 1:250,000: direct observation in the field still possible
? largest scale in many underdeveloped countries
Topographic Maps
• Requirements
– uniformity ? standardization
• map symbols
• coordinate system
• vertical datums
– map quality
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positional accuracy
completeness & correctness
currency
representation of main characteristics of terrain
readability
– map use
• fast orientation in terrain
• cartometric usability
– UTM & geodetic coordinates
– absolute & relative heights
– qualitative and quantitative terrain character
• room to add additional info
Topographic Maps
• Fundamental concepts applicable to other visualizations
– standardized coordinate reference systems that enable compatible
mapping of large areas and spatially layered themes
– detailed mapping within a defined spatial extent (e.g., a country)
– generalization to generate new mappings for different scales and
purposes
– the concept of a base map, on which
narrow-purpose themes can be overlaid
See also: http://scimaps.org/maps/wikipedia/
http://share.gigapan.org/viewGigapan.php?id=4305
http://www.isgtw.org/images/scienceactivity
yonwiki.jpg
(coral reef metagenomics, football scores, Wikipedia entries, …)
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Topographic Maps
• U.S. Topographic Maps
– Source: USGS (United States Geological Survey)
– Scales:
• 24,000
• 50,000 (produced by DMA – NIMA – now NGA)
• 63,360 (historic) / 62500 (Alaska)
• 100,000
• 250,000
• 500,000
– Widely used in digital form: 24,000 & 250,000
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Topographic Maps
• U.S. Topographic Maps
– Colors
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cultural information, place names: black
hydrography: blue
relief: brown
vegetation: green
borders build-up areas,
borders,
areas main traffic arteries: red
updates: magenta
Topographic Maps
• U.S. Topographic Maps
– 1:24,000
• “quad sheets”
• 1 sheet covers 7.5 x 7.5 minutes ?“7.5 minute map series”
• 1 sheet covers aprox. 57 sq. miles
• conterminous U.S. covered by 54,000 sheets
• 1 inch = 2
2,000
000 feet
• largest scale for conterminous US, Hawaii, territories [Puerto Rico
at 20,000]
• purpose
– where detailed land surface information is required
– energy and mineral exploration
– natural resource & water management
– census data statistics
– outdoor recreation
– engineering and surveys
Topographic Maps
• U.S. Topographic Maps
– 1:100,000
• “30’ by 60’ map”
• 1 inch = 1.5 miles
• 1,800 maps cover conterm. US
• Purpose
– county wide studies
– base map for
» farmlands, wetlands
» federal land ownership
» subsurface mineral rights
» state & county management planning
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Topographic Maps
• U.S. Topographic Maps
– 1:250,000
• “1- by 2-degree map”
• 1 inch = 4 miles
• 450 sheets to cover conterm. US
• Purpose
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regional planning
water resource studies
civil defense & disaster relief
base map for
» air pollution
» aeronautical charts
» land-use
» weather records
Topographic Maps
• U.S. Topographic Maps
– 1:500,000
• 1 inch = 8 miles
• generally cover a whole state
• Purpose
– Planning of state-wide general studies, inventories and management
activities
– locate interstate utilities
– delineate drainage basins
– base for state highway and other maps
• versions: topographic, planimetric & shaded relief
Topographic Maps
• U.S. Topographic Data
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Digital Raster Graphic (DRG)
Digital Line Graph (DLG)
Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
Digital Orthophoto Quad (DOQ) & Quarter Quad (DOQQ)
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Digital Raster Graphic (DRG)
Digital Line Graph
Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
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Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
DRG draped over DEM
Digital Orthophoto Quad (DOQ)
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Data Providers: http://eros.usgs.gov/
Data Providers: http://nationalmap.gov/
Data Providers: http://www.atlas.ca.gov/
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Data Providers: http://www.sandag.org/
Data Providers: http://www.sangis.org/
Data Providers: http://data.geocomm.com/
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GEOG 380 – Map Investigation
Lab 4: Map Coordinates and Measurements – 20 points
Due: March 27, 2019
In this exercise you will be working with the La Mesa 1:24,000 topographic map to practice
measurements and computations involving coordinate systems found on topographic maps.
In each case, you must answer the question. In addition, you must give a detailed explanation for
how you used the map to arrive at that answer. Include a description of measurements and any
computations performed. Where appropriate, you may also want to explain how you performed
those measurements.
1) Which geographic object is located at the following UTM coordinates (Zone 11, NAD 83)?
coordinates: 499,380mE 3,627,000mN
2) Which geographic object is located at the following geographic coordinates?
coordinates: 32°47’47″N 117°4’47”W
3) What is the straight-line distance, in kilometers (rounded to a precision of ten meters),
between the following two locations A and B?
A: Grossmont College
B: Parking Structure 12 on the SDSU campus
4) Is the following location east or west of Interstate 1-15?
UTM coordinates: 489,000mE 3,632,320mN (Zone 11, NAD 27)
5) What is the complete area size covered by the La Mesa map sheet, in square miles?

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