PSY495 GCU Limitations Found in Research of Psychological Disorders Paper No plagiarism Please Cite where needed Reference page I’ve uploaded article, r

PSY495 GCU Limitations Found in Research of Psychological Disorders Paper No plagiarism

Please Cite where needed

Reference page

I’ve uploaded article, rubric, and directions Course Code
PSY-495
Class Code
PSY-495-O500
Criteria
Content
Percentage
70.0%
Compare limitations found in literature research. 35.0%
Discuss research obstacles.
35.0%
Organizaition and Effectiveness
20.0%
Thesis Development and Purpose
7.0%
Argument Logic and Construction
8.0%
Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling,
punctuation, grammar, language use)
5.0%
Format
10.0%
Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the
major and assignment)
5.0%
Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes,
references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to
assignment and style)
5.0%
Total Weightage
100%
Assignment Title
Limitations
Unsatisfactory (0.00%)
Comparison of researched limitations is missing.
Discussion of research obstacles is missing.
Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing
claim.
Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The
conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is
incoherent and uses noncredible sources.
Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede
communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice
and/or sentence construction are used.
Template is not used appropriately, or documentation format
is rarely followed correctly.
Sources are not documented.
Total Points
85.0
Less than Satisfactory (65.00%)
Comparison of research limitations is vague or inadequate.
Discussion of research obstacles is vague or inadequate.
Thesis and/or main claim are insufficiently developed and/or
vague; purpose is not clear.
Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks
consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some
sources have questionable credibility.
Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the
reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) and/or
word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but
not varied.
Appropriate template is used, but some elements are missing
or mistaken. A lack of control with formatting is apparent.
Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as
appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous
formatting errors.
Satisfactory (75.00%)
Comparison of research limitations is clear.
Discussion of research obstacles is clear.
Thesis and/or main claim are apparent and appropriate to
purpose.
Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The
argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument
logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources
used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the
thesis.
Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but are not
overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence
structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.
Appropriate template is used. Formatting is correct, although
some minor errors may be present.
Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and
style, although some formatting errors may be present.
Good (85.00%)
Comparison of research limitations is concise and makes
some connections to current research.
Discussion of research obstacles is thoughtful and makes
some connections to current research.
Thesis and/or main claim are clear and forecast the
development of the paper. It is descriptive and reflective of
the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.
Argument shows logical progression. Techniques of
argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of
claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are
authoritative.
Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may
be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence
structures and figures of speech.
Appropriate template is fully used. There are virtually no
errors in formatting style.
Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and
style, and format is mostly correct.
Excellent (100.00%)
Comparison of research limitations is thoughtful and makes
relevant connections to current research.
Discussion of research obstacles is thorough and makes
relevant connections to current research.
Thesis and/or main claim are comprehensive. The essence of
the paper is contained within the thesis. Thesis statement
makes the purpose of the paper clear.
Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in
a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are
authoritative.
Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic
English.
All format elements are correct.
Comments
Sources are completely and correctly documented, as
appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of
error.
Points Earned
Running Head: WORK RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
1
Work Related Psychological Disorders
Dora Sanchez
GCU-PSY-495
September 14,2019
WORK RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
2
Work-Related Psychological Disorders
Introduction
For one to sustain themselves in this era that we are living in and the economic turmoil,
then they have to acquire a job. Also, with the various agencies that are there to provide for the
citizens then the different positions have to be filled. We all have particular interests and passions
which in most cases define where we fall in the work aspect and what we do. We cannot all be
doctors. Therefore, some fit in other areas like business, engineering, accounts, financing among
others. Sometimes the very sources of our income can be an opening towards health issues either
psychologically or emotionally. There are provisions that work to ensure no physical assaults or
effects are experienced as a result of the work. However, the psychological effects are left
unattended to and even in the instance that they are acknowledged not much is done to remedy
that. A good example of jobs categories with such high psychological effects and disorders is in
the army and the police officers docket (Chopko, B. A., Palmieri, P. A., & Adams, R. E. 2018).
In our case today, our focus will be on the police officers and how they deal with the various
traumatic events that they experience. How do they work towards ensuring that such experiences
are remedied to ensure that the police officers are healthy and okay as they continue with their
lives? A good percentage of them suffer from post-traumatic stress disorders overtime in their jobs.
When we think of police officers two things come in mind: a sense of security or fear of being
arrested, harassed or tortured. No one takes a minute to think of the psychological disorders waiting
to happen as a result of their duties (Van Gelderen, B. R., Bakker, A. B., Konijn, E. A., &
Demerouti, E, 2011).
Occupational Stress
WORK RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
3
Occupational stress can well be described as the various aspects that cause difficulties and
uneasiness in a work environment. In the case of police officers, the stressors could be aspects like
the different threats that they get on duty from the criminals and other people they interact with,
their interactions with their superiors as well as the various traumatic events they have to deal with
at work. Agencies like the police departments provide for therapeutic help once an officer finds
themselves in experiences that can be traumatic, for instance shooting someone for the first time,
being shot at among other gruesome events. Mostly, they help is meant for emotional help and
ensuring that the experiences do not affect their efficiency at work. However the events that they
do not consider threatening to the effectiveness of the officers are left unattended. Over time
occupational stress can cause problems at their homes, wreck their relationships and at times drive
them to undesirable behaviors like excessive drinking when not working or dependency on pills
that block out their recurring thoughts.
According to Kirschman, Kamena, & Fay, 2013; Zemlock, 2014, officers are known to
apply maladaptive emotional management coping methods like the suppression of thoughts which
in the long run does not help at all. Observably such coping tactics can work to increase traumatic
stress effects as the suppression reaches a place where the officer explodes or slips. The major
psychological disorder experienced by law enforcement officers is PTSD. With time most police
officers showcase the PTSD diagnostic criteria and its symptoms. If the right measures are not
taken on time, then the officer can end up suffering from severe PTSD which causes a lot of
hiccups both in his or her personal life and their job.
Different Perspectives
WORK RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
4
In the article on mental health effects on law enforcement and community members, we
get to see the two sides and suffering groups in traumatic events. In this case, an 18-year-old black
guy was killed by a white police officer. Such events are followed by vigorous protests and in the
case that the police officer is not indicted then the community goes wild. In the case where the
officer was let go, and a lot of havoc followed as the community members burned down buildings,
there was a lot of looting which was retaliated by tear gas and smoke bombs from the police.
Imagine being amid such an occurrence (Harvey-Lintz, T., & Tidwell, R. 1997).
Every time they go to protest that is that fear that things could go very wrong and they end
up getting hurt, and there are the relatives and close friends of the deceased who are already hurting
for their loss and the denial for justice from their perspective. When the study was done, it was
discovered that in particular theta place, the blacks were more in the suffering of PTSD in
comparison to the white community members. It also showed that some law enforcers suffered
from mild anxiety and anger issues concerning such occurrences (Frewin, K., Stephens, C., &
Tuffin, K. 2006). Therefore, in this study, we get to see that the community is more susceptible to
suffer from PTSD in comparison to law enforcers in community violence.
Despite the various negative effects of traumatic events, we also have a positive aspect that
could arise from them. Post-traumatic growth which can be described as the positive outcomes
experienced when people experience traumatic events. Such effects can be activities like improved
relationships, greater appreciation for one’s life and life in general and finding better paths in life.
It has been noted that after some people deal with traumatic events, they change their life, practices,
and view on life to the positive side. Such an effect is beneficial for all and works for the better
(Evans, R., Pistrang, N., & Billings, J. 2013). For PTG to occur there must be meticulous cognitive
processing. Even though there is a positive outcome, few studies have been done on the
WORK RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
5
relationship and interactions between traumatic events, PTSD and PTG and what drives some to
PTSD and others to PTG. In the study to determine how to help police officers and other
professionals exposed to trauma, more research should be done on PTG and its relation to the types
of trauma. With conclusive results, then they can come up with the right mannerisms to help the
victims of trauma and drive them towards PTG and away from PTSD (Chopko, B. A. 2010). In
the same aspect there is necessity to differentiate between behavioral and cognitive PTG as
cognitive PTG alone increases distress.
Similar studies have been done on the effect of traumatic events on children and the mental
health issues that the events accompany. As a result of this, there was the establishment of the
Greensboro Child Response Initiative. CRI is an initiative in the community which works towards
helping the children who have suffered from violence and trauma-induced events in ensuring that
they get help and reduce the chances of mental health issues arising from the said traumatic
stressors (American Psychological Association, 2018). The particular initiate improved the
communication between the community and the law enforcement by a great deal. The initiative
ensures offering referrals to children who are victim of traumatic stressors as well as conducive
environment for the children. It has enabled the close working with traumatic help centers, social
workers, and crisis management agencies as well as law enforcement. With such initiatives,
traumatic events effects are controlled, and the prevention of instances or severities of PTSD are
reduced. Post-traumatic Growth is also enhanced for the safety and betterment of the children
(Graves, K. N., Ward, M., Crotts, D. K., & Pitts, W. 2019).
Recommended Treatments
WORK RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
6
In the occurrence of PTSD, there are three main neurotic syndromes which can greatly
influence the behavior of the victim; in this case, the police officer. We have the soldier’s heart
which involves chest pains, flashback syndrome which involves the memories of the event
recurring in the victim’s mind and lastly the survival syndrome which involves feelings of guilt
(Lopatkova et al. 2018). One of the preferred treatment methods is therapy especially using the
cognitive-behavioral theory among other theories. Various tactics can be employed here like
writing down what they feel in the case that they cannot express it in word, group counseling which
allows for sharing with people with similar effects (Conn, S. M., & Butterfield, L. D. 2013). In the
cases of severe PTSD, victims are given medication to reduce their anxiety. Imaginary guidance
is necessary for the therapy session which allows the patient to view the occurrence of the event
so they can accept it and start working towards it (Gersons, B. P., Carlier, I. V., Lamberts, R. D.,
& van der Kolk, B. A. 2000).
Conclusion
Notably, the effects of traumatic events are more severe in the case that harm was directed
more to oneself compared to harm towards others. In such a case, PTSD is more likely to be
suffered while in the instance of someone else being harmed, PTG can arise mostly. As a result og
guilt and appreciation that they managed to survive (Carlier, I. V. E., & Gersons, B. P. R. 1995).
However, this is not a certainty in ho the outcomes play out. Given the fact that the trauma rate
frequency and adapting to the exposure is more prevalent in law enforcement unlike other
professions, then more study should be directed here to ensure that the best treatment and
management methods are established. In most cases, occupational stress affects the personal lives
of the victims which can take a toll on them. Trauma suffering people need social support
WORK RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
7
especially when dealing with PTSD, and the traumatic impairs that as the police acquire coping
methods that lead them to be isolated and closed off from their families (Zemlock, R. 2014).
WORK RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
8
References
American Psychological Association. (2018). Children and trauma: Update for mental health
professionals. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/pi/families/resources/childrentraumaupdate.aspx
Carlier, I. V. E., & Gersons, B. P. R. (1995). Partial PTSD: The issue of psychological scars and
the occurrence of PTSD symptoms. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 183, 107–
109.
Conn, S. M., & Butterfield, L. D. (2013). Coping with secondary traumatic stress by general duty
police officers: Practical implications. Canadian Journal of Counselling and
Psychotherapy, 47, 272–298
Chopko, B. A. (2010). Posttraumatic distress and growth: An empirical study of police officers.
American Journal of Psychotherapy, 64, 55–72.
Chopko, B. A., Palmieri, P. A., & Adams, R. E. (2018). Relationships among traumatic
experiences, PTSD, and posttraumatic growth for police officers: A path
analysis. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 10(2), 183.
Evans, R., Pistrang, N., & Billings, J. (2013). Police officers’ experiences of supportive and
unsupportive social interactions following traumatic incidents. European Journal of
Psychotraumatology, 4, 1–10. http://dx .doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v4i0.19696
Frewin, K., Stephens, C., & Tuffin, K. (2006). Re-arranging fear: Police officers’ discursive
constructions of emotion. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and
Policy, 16, 243–260. http://dx .doi.org/10.1080/10439460600811901
WORK RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
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Galovski, T. E., Peterson, Z. D., Beagley, M. C., Strasshofer, D. R., Held, P., & Fletcher, T. D.
(2016). Exposure to violence during Ferguson protests: mental health effects for law
enforcement and community members. Journal of traumatic stress, 29(4), 283-292.
Gersons, B. P., Carlier, I. V., Lamberts, R. D., & van der Kolk, B. A. (2000). A randomized
clinical trial of brief eclectic psychotherapy for police officers with posttraumatic stress
disorder. Journal of traumatic stress, 13(2), 333-347.
Graves, K. N., Ward, M., Crotts, D. K., & Pitts, W. (2019). The Greensboro Child Response
Initiative: A Trauma-Informed, Mental Health–Law Enforcement Model for Children
Exposed to Violence. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 28(5), 526-544.
Harvey-Lintz, T., & Tidwell, R. (1997). Effects of the 1992 Los Angeles civil unrest: Posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology among law enforcement officers. The Social
Sciences Journal, 34, 171–183. doi:10.1016/S0362-3319(97)90049-5
Lopatkova, I. V., Serykh, A. B., Miroshkin, D. V., Shcherbakova, O. I., Kochetkov, I. G.,
Deberdeeva, N. A., & Diatlova, E. V. (2018). The interrelation of post-trauma stress
disorders with reactive and personal anxiety. Electronic Journal of General
Medicine, 15(6).
Van Gelderen, B. R., Bakker, A. B., Konijn, E. A., & Demerouti, E. (2011). Daily suppression of
discrete emotions during the work of police service workers and criminal investigation
officers. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping: An International Journal, 2
Zemlock, R. (2014). The impacts of police work on law enforcement families. Dissertation
Abstracts International Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences, 74 (8-A).
Limitations
In 500-750-words, complete the following:
1.Compare the limitations you found in your literature research.
2.Discuss any obstacles you foresee in your research.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student
Success Center. An abstract is not required.

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